Вестник СурГУ

The aim of the study is to review modern literature for specifying prevalence and early diagnosis of cardiovascular pathology in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as conditions and development factors of unfavorable cardiovascular events within the formation of comorbid disease.

Materials and methods. The analysis of literature sources posted on the eLIBRARY.RU and Sсopus for the last 10 years is conducted. The documents of the Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD 2018) are studied. The used keywords are chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and comorbidity.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and improve the results of treatment of patients with intestinal stomata.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of surgical rehabilitation of 107 patients is carried out. These patients had a restoration of intestinal continuity with ostomy takedown in 2012–2017.

Results. The best results of surgical treatment are achieved by video access during the reversal procedure. It is established that using video-assisted access the intestinal peristalsis is restored during 1st (1-1) day, the rate of complications does not exceed 2.8 %, and the inpatient period is reduced to 10,5 days.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of centralized blood monitoring of the internationally normalized ratio in patients with artificial heart valves.

Materials and methods. Comparison of different approaches to the organization of monitoring indicators of the international normalized ratio is made. The first group of 136 patients is observed in the system of centralized monitoring of the indicator, the second group of 62 people is observed by the doctors of medical institutions at the place of residence of patients. Thromboembolic
and hemorrhagic complications are evaluated.

Results. The average time for an international normalized ratio in the blood in the therapeutic range in patients of the first group is 73.2 %, in the second it is 40.1 % respectively. Significantly more thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in patients outside the centralized monitoring system are recorded

The aim of the study is to evaluate pregnancy outcomes in female patients with worsening decompensated placental insufficiency and to define the causation of chromosome abnormality and preeclampsia in placental damages.

Materials and methods. Gestation outcomes of 49 patients with primary placental insufficiency are retrospectively investigated. These patients are divided into two groups: 1) 15 patients with therapeutic abortion before 22 weeks; 2) 34 patients with prolonged pregnancy.

Results. The study shows that placentation defects are accompanied by a high level of complications during pregnancy in 41 % of cases. These complications include: chromosome abnormality and congenital malformation of the fetus (41 %), intrauterine growth restriction (35 %), preeclampsia (29 %), preterm birth (62 %), and increased risk of perinatal mortality (175,5 ‰).

The aim of the study is to present management analysis of a patient with Pompe disease belonging to the group of orphan diseases in order to improve its diagnostics, treatment, quality of patient life and reduce the level of mortality from the pathology.

Materials and methods. The clinical case of glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease) with a late-onset in an adult is presented. The results of medical genetic counseling are quoted, as well as the problem of providing drug treatment to patients with orphan diseases is discussed.

Results. The disease symptoms as slowly increasing muscular weakness primarily in paraspinal, pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles are presented. The difficulty of establishing a diagnosis of Pompe disease by primary care physicians is the rarity of glycogen storage disease type II. The characteristics of the discase are the absence of myographic signs of lower limb muscles damage and the prevalence of paraspinal muscles involvement confirmed by needle electromyography

The aim of the study is to estimate the new model of medical organization’s characteristics with qualimetry of navigation systems in order to improve health care delivery in medical organizations.

Material and methods. The search of literature review in databases such as the Russian Science Citation Index, Scopus and Pub Med regarding the introduction of navigation systems as a means of visualization of medical organizations for the last 10 years is made.

Results. The detailed classification of navigation systems is made. The possibilities of some navigation types and prospects of development of navigation elements as compound systems of healthcare optimization with principles of lean production are shown

The aim of the study is to identify comorbidity characteristics in patients with multifocal atherosclerosis taking into account the heterogeneity of clinical symptomatology for estimation of disease topography and prevention.

Materials and Methods. According to the hierarchical analysis of categorical variables patients are divided up into 3 clusters: cluster 1 (96 patients) – clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; cluster 2 (96 patients) – cerebral atherosclerosis; cluster 3 (96 patients) – lower extremity arterial disease. The diseases are proved at coronary angiography, Doppler ultrasonography of the major artery of the head and lower extremities. Clinical state, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram in all patients are evaluated.

Results. Patients of the cluster 1 are diagnosed with a predominance of stage 3 arterial hypertension and stenosis > 30 % in the left internal carotid artery territory. Hemodynamically significant stenosis in the right common carotid artery territory, atherosclerotic plaques in the right and left common carotid arteries are dominant among patients of the cluster 3.

The aim of the study is to present the relevance of gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection and its possible clinical evidence, diagnostic and treatment methods, based on literature review.

Materials and Methods. The review of the literature in the scientific databases eLIBRARY.ru and EBSCO over the past 7 years is made. The used keywords are “cytomegalovirus”, “diarrhea” and their Russian equivalents. Additional search based on the articles’ references to study primary literature has been made.

Results. Clinical evidence, methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of the disease, as well as their advantages and disadvantages of application in different patients’ groups are discussed.

The aim of the study is to search for differential diagnostic criteria of race based on palm dermatoglyphics.

Materials and methods. The material of the study is the palmprints of 180 Russian and 102 Nenets males (adolescents and young adults). Recognition of dermatoglyphic characteristics (types of papillary patterns) is made for hypothenar, thenar and interdigital pads. Data on the frequency of occurrence of papillary patterns of one and several palm areas (in their combination) are compared. The significance of differences is assessed based on twosample Student’s t-test.

Results. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.01–0.05) in the frequency of occurrence of papillary patterns of most palm areas are established. The most informative turned out to be the area of hypothenar – patterns here are observed 12.8 times more often among the Russians. Diagnostic informative combinations of papillary patterns of three palmar areas are revealed, allowing to come to a highly probable conclusion (p > 0.95) about the race of an unknown person. The obtained result allows carrying out diagnostics of race in forensic medical practice of identification of the person on the unidentified corpse (parts, fragments of a corpse).

The aim of the study is to assess the influence of cognitive deficits on quality of life in remitted patients with recurrent depression.

Materials and methods. Sixty patients are tested using the Montgomery – Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Complete remission is considered to be by overall score ≤ 10 and incomplete remission by 11–18 points. Cognitive functions are measured with The Brief Assessment of Cognition In Affective Disorders (BAC-A). The quality of life is assessed using the Short Form (36) Health Survey.

Results. There are no correlations between the physical components of quality of life and cognitive functions. Psychological component of quality of life is independently correlated with response inhibition (b = 0,19 (0,08), p = 0,016) and parameter of complete or incomplete remission (b = -14,29 (2,45), p < 0,001). Aggravation of cognitive flexibility could be the main cognitive deterioration during remission that has a negative impact on the quality of life.

The aim of the study is to present the analysis findings of the geroprotective activity potential polyphenols of the Northern berries such as cranberries, lingonberries and blueberries.

Materials and methods. The review of the literature in the base PubMed over the past 7 years is made. The used keywords are: anti-aging effect, polyphenols, geroprotectors, cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, antioxidants, metabolic syndrome and others.

Results. The results of several experiments and known limited clinical evidence allow considering that polyphenols of the Northern berries can have antioxidant activity with possible anti-aging effect regarding aging pathology. The study of antiaging effects of the Northern berries in Western Siberia and their polyphenols is important and essential.

The aim of the study is to identify indicators for the differential diagnosis of non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver diseases that are the most suitable for use in primary care for the prevention of a disease’s severity.

Materials and methods. Analysis of values of anthropometric, main hematological, biochemical, ultrasound indicators and the level of serum receptor protein Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-4.

Results. The informative value of the indicator of serum receptor protein Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-4 as a new indicator of the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has been proved.

The goal is to identify the nature and frequency of disorders in the hemostasis system and polymorphisms of thrombophilia genes during early and late preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Materials and methods. A total of 233 pregnant women of a high risk of placental insufficiency and preeclampsia are examined, distinguishing among them 16 patients with early (n = 10) and late (n = 6) development preeclampsia, and 17 conditionally healthy patients in the pregnancy outcome. Individual parameters of the homeostasis system, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PGF), thromboxane/prostacyclin ratio, thrombophilia, and endothelium dysfunction are studied.

Results. In the first trimester, in the group of pregnant women with preeclampsia are observed: a high level of thromboxane in the urine (1 058 (637–1 978) pg/ml, p < 0.05), soluble vascular endothelial and placental growth factors – 2 275.0 (2 273.0–2 551,0) pg/ml) and 64.50 (58.0–80.0), pg/ml (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05), a statistically significant carrier state frequency of the integrin A2 gene (70 % of cases) and folate metabolism gene (90 %). This requires the continuation of an in-depth study of the influence of genetic factors associated with defects in thrombocytic and endothelial hemostasis on pathological formation of the placenta and subsequent violations during pregnancy.

The aim of the study is to analyze changes in hormonal state and free radical oxidation in cases of physical fatigue in white male rats during the experiment.

Materials and methods. White male rats (55) with body mass about 220–260 g are investigated. Physical fatigue is modeled with forced swimming. The contents of malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes are investigated and the contents of cortisol, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine in the blood plasma are studied.

Results. It has been established that strenuous exercises are accompanied by a power reduction of the antioxidant system, a level increase of cortisol and a decrease in the concentration of thyroxin and triiodothyronine.

The aim of the study is to evaluate cellular dehydration in different degrees of severity, the nature of the structural changes in the nephron and the specific features of the dynamics of reparative processes during the recovery period in experimental conditions.

Materials and methods. The study is performed on 112 young white rats-males (Wistar line) with an initial weight of 115–120 g. The rats are divided into 2 groups: intact and adapted to dehydration.

Results. Histological and morphometric studies established a relationship between the duration of the dehydrating factor and the depth of damage to the structures of the filtration and reabsorption barriers. After severe cellular dehydration, reparative processes occur slowly and do not lead to the full normalization of nephron structures.