The study aims to discuss the modern concepts of acute violation of mesenteric blood supply, methods of instrumental diagnosis, emerging postoperative complications and methods for their correction. Materials and methods. The scientific publications and reviews of randomized controlled clinical trials on the topic of acute mesenteric blood supply were analyzed from such databases as eLibrary, PubMed, etc. The search depth was 15 years. Results. Acute violation of mesenteric blood supply is one of the most common criteria for bowel resection. The review presents evidence of instrumental diagnosis, frequency of postoperative complications that often lead to hospital mortality, and modern surgical methods for treatment of patients with acute violation of mesenteric blood supply.

The study aims to examine prevalence of dermatological manifestations of the earlier coronavirus infection in citizens of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra. Materials and methods. 429 citizens of Surgut and the Surgut region who had coronavirus infection from January to June 2021 were interviewed and examined. 258 respondents were included into the research. The results were analyzed using modern statistical data analysis methods. Results. The prevalence of skin manifestations of COVID-19 in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra made up 0.46 per 100 000 people. Dermatological manifestations of the coronavirus infection were observed
mainly in middle-aged and elderly people with a severe course of the disease. Post-COVID-19 hair thinning was diagnosed in 15.5 % of those who had suffered from coronavirus infection. The severe clinical course of COVID-19
is a risk factor for the development of rashes on skin and/or mucous membranes. Concurrent chronic diseases and fever can serve as an unfavorable background for the development of post-COVID-19 dermatological syndrome in the form of lesions of skin appendages (changes in nail plates and hair thinning).

The study aims to monitor congenital heart defects in children and determine their structure and rate in the territory of the highest congenital disorders prevalence in Omsk from 2015 to 2020. Materials and Methods. The indicators of general and specific rate of congenital heart defects were analyzed in children during the first year of life in 2015–2020. The analysis of the indicators’ dynamic series was carried out with alignment by the least-square method and calculation of the defect growth rates. The structure of cardiovascular malformations was studied. Results. During the studied period a long-term annual average indicator of the general rate of heart defects made 9.92 per 1000 births, it tended to grow (from 5.09 ± 1.14 ‰ to 15.63 ± 2.26 ‰) and was unevenly distributed across the territories under the study: from the minimum value of 4.09 ± 2.89 ‰ to the maximum value of 46.73 ± 14.43 ‰. Septal defects and an open ductus arteriosus prevailed in the structure of congenital heart defects. Both the registered and the actual increase in malformation were identified, and the territory of the highest risk for further study of causes and conditions of growth of the birth rate of children with congenital heart defects was determined.

The study aims to develop an algorithm for assessing spectrographic features of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction for hemodialysis. Materials and methods. Forty-four patients with native radiocephalic fistula formed in the distal third of the forearm participated in the research. Using electronic stethoscope, the noise of arteriovenous fistula was recorded in all patients. 653 spectrograms were analyzed with the method of evaluating entropy and complexity value. The algorithm of Wishart clustering was applied to detect consistency. Results. The algorithm developed for audiograms analysis and based on evaluation of “chaotic” and “complex” sound makes it possible to divide arteriovenous fistula noise into three clusters. Each cluster complies with its possibility of dysfunction. The algorithm may be applied in developing individual mobile devices to monitor constantly the condition of arteriovenous fistula.

The study aims to analyze the possibilities of various imaging research methods in early diagnosis,
staging and detection of complications in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods.
The complex examination was carried out in 180 patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis who underwent
treatment in the 3rd type multi-field hospital in 2010–2020. The examination included radio-opaque methods, such
as irrigoscopy (100 % of cases), small bowel series (28 %), ultrasound examination (69 %), multispiral computed
tomography (57 %). Results. It was found that the multispiral computed tomography is the most informative
method for imaging diagnosis and staging of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (sensitivity in Crohn’s disease –
80–85 %, in ulcerative colitis – 94.1 %; specificity in Crohn’s disease – 85–87 %, in ulcerative colitis – 80 %).
The ultrasound examination was of the highest information value in detecting large fluid accumulations in abdominal
cavity (sensitivity – 75 %, specificity – 67 %). The radiographic examination proved to be the most informative
in detecting intraperitoneal free gas and signs of intestinal obstruction (sensitivity – 77 %, specificity – 69 %).

The study aims to evaluate the efficiency of therapy for chronic cystitis associated with urogenital infection in women. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, clinical and anamnestic data received from 45 women with recurrent chronic cystitis associated with urogenital cystitis was analyzed. Laboratory and instrumental tests were carried out to verify urogenital pathogens and microvasculature condition. All patients received comprehensive systemic treatment, which included antibiotic treatment, enzyme preparations, bladder instillation, epidermal laser treatment. The data was processed using Statistica 10.0 Rus software provided by the StatSoft corporation (USA). The critical level of statistical significance was equal 0.05 in validating null hypothesis. Results. Burdened gynecological anamnesis was detected in 36 (79.5 %) patients. Using polymerase chain reaction method, pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms in the urethra material, causing mono-infections, were found in 21 (46.5 %) women with chronic cystitis, and mix-associations of these microorganisms were found
in 24 (53.5 %) women. The elimination of pathogens was recorded in 42 (93.6 %) women in 4 weeks after receiving treatment. Prior to treatment bacteriuria and clinical symptomatology were detected in 28 (61.2 %) patients. Following
treatment low population indicators of microflora to no microflora growth were found in 97.6 % of cases. Changes in microvasculature of bladder were characterized by congestive hemodynamic type. Relief of pain syndrome was
performed in 95.5 % and that of dysuric syndrome – in 85.9 % of cases due to the course of therapy with epidermal laser treatment. The recovery trend of indicators of bladder microvasculature was noted positive.

The study aims to provide a rough estimate of the frequency of perineum and vulva varicose veins occurrence based on the Russian practicing phlebologists survey. Materials and methods. The anonymous survey was conducted within the framework of the “Current phlebology” project. The multiple choice survey questionnaire consisted of 9 questions. Results. 138 respondents participated in the survey. There were general surgeons (31.4 %), phlebology surgeons (29.9 %), vascular surgeons (27.7 %), functional diagnostics specialists (5.1 %) and gynecologists (2 %) among them. The participatory share of respondents of other qualifications made up 3 %. Based on statistical processing and a comparative analysis of the obtained data, it was found that a multisliced computed phlebography of the inferior vena cava and that of small pelvis veins (42.6 %) as well as a magnetic resonance phlebography (34.8 %) proved to be the most informative X-ray examinations. When choosing a treatment method, 39 % of respondents preferred sclerotherapy and 26.5 % of respondents preferred miniflebectomy. This being the case, 76.3 % of phlebology surgeons have put a high value on the issue and have specified that it is important from both the clinical point of view and the aesthetic one.

The study aims to improve efficiency of magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of facial soft-tissue swelling in patients after facial contouring surgery. Materials and methods. The article describes clinical cases of magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of facial contouring complications developed after injections of hyaluronic acid fillers in 5 and 10 years’ time. Results. Areas of hyperintensive MR signal with distinct and smooth contours
were determined in soft tissues of the maxillofacial region using T2-WI. The morphological substrate of such areas was represented by hyaluronic acidbased gel. In T2STIR mode and with fat tissue suppression of the MR signal, filler boluses were visualized more distinctly as compared to T2-weighed image without fat tissue suppression but with a hyperintensive MR signal maintained. According to clinical cases, magnetic resonance imaging has proven to be an informative method for diagnostics, which should be prescribed to patients with infiltrative changes after facial contouring surgery.

The study aims to show the results of efficient surgical treatment of congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis in a patient with Williams-Beuren syndrome. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of
diagnosis and surgical treatment of rare clinical and diagnostic case of supravalvular aortic stenosis with William-Beuren syndrome. In the course of the study, anamnesis of the disease, the dynamics of symptoms and the results of surgical treatment were analyzed. Results. A child was diagnosed with valvular pulmonary stenosis at birth. A balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was performed on the child at the age of 3 and 5 months. According to the
results of the fragment analysis of genomic DNA probe, microdeletions in the 7q11.23 area were found, which clinically complies with Williams-Beuren syndrome. At the age of 14 months the child was examined with increase
in velocity indicators in sinotubular junction area which worsened at 18 months. The child was hospitalized with the diagnosis of supravalvular aortic stenosis, and received ascending aorta plasty according to Doty. No
indications for re-intervention were found according to the results of the examination when the child was 4.6 years old. Surgical treatment shows efficient immediate medium-term results. Aortic root surgery with two or three sinuses makes it possible to avoid aortic restenosis in post-surgery period.

The study aims to analyze the current state of the issue of neurological manifestations of SARSCoV-2 infection and to find out their influence on the course and outcome of the disease in patients with comorbid therapeutic pathology. Materials and methods. Scientific literature and reviews of randomized controlled clinical research on nervous system damage in patients with various course of the new coronavirus infection as well as
comorbid somatic patients were analyzed using such databases as eLibrary, etc. The search depth has been 2 years since the moment WHO announced COVID-19 pandemic. Results. Based on the clinical and morphological material it is proved that the brain is damaged and the nervous system is involved into the pathogenesis of both the acute and delayed phases of COVID-19 as well as the phase of post-COVID syndrome. In addition to that, there are still issues that require further study: whether neurological disorders in COVID-19 depict the criterion of specific nervous system damage or a symptom of the previous comorbid pathology or, perhaps, de novo nervous system disease.

The study aims to analyze and systemize current information obtained from the scientific literature on the role of trimethylamine N-oxide in the development of heart failure, and to predict the possibilities of gut microbiome correction using plant polyphenols in the concept of “bowel – heart” relation. Materials and methods. The information search was carried out using keywords combined into groups to detect various aspects of the topic under study. The scientific literature for the past 10 years was analyzed from such Russian and foreign databases as eLIBRARY.RU, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer. Results. Consideration of plant polyphenols as highpotential biological active compounds is possible due to the high predictive value of trimethylamine N-oxide level in the development of heart failure. The therapeutic potential of these compounds affecting the heart failure requires further experimental research.

The study aims to specify the variability in manifestation of Gaucher disease clinical symptoms and that of a response to enzyme replacement therapy based on clinical cases of closely related patients. Materials and methods. Hematological, gastroenterological, neurological and orthopedic manifestations of Gaucher disease were compared in two patients: a male patient (diagnosed at 9 years old), and a female patient (diagnosed at 21 years old), being close relatives (a whole blood brother and a sister). Results. At diagnosis, both the adult female patient and the child had hepatosplenomegaly with splenomegaly predominating. Both patients had changes in the musculoskeletal system. In addition to the above, the boy had shortening of limbs as well as deformity of chest and abdomen unlike the adult patient, who had femurs deformity of Erlenmeyer flask type. At diagnosis, hematological changes were more severe in the child patient. The obtained data indicate that there is a significant variability in manifestation of symptoms of Gaucher disease. The fact that there is hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and a number of orthopedic changes in a patient should become a valid reason to suspect an orphan disease and to carry out further diagnostic tests for Gaucher disease.

The study aims to analyze the effect of sevoflurane on human neutrophils under normal and pathological conditions. Materials and methods. In the course of the research, the culture of neutrophils isolated from venous blood of donors was studied. The exposure of neutrophils was carried out with the minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5, evaluating the anesthetic effect on their activation. The apoptosis
intensity was assessed using annexin V and propidium iodide. Neutrophils activation with lipopolysaccharide and chemotaxis peptide N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine was determined by the level of expression of neutrophil degranulation markers CD11b and CD66b, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β. The statistical processing was carried out using math-and-stats methods of calculation of the basic measures of sampling distribution (arithmetic average, standard deviation, Student criterion, nonparametric methods), using Windows and Statistica 10.0 package. Results. Neutrophils
incubation with lipopolysaccharide (200 ng/ml) and N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (100 nM) statistically doubled the expression of CD11b and CD66b molecules, but the exposure to sevoflurane at the minimal alveolar concentration dose of 1.5 reduced the anti-inflammatory activation of neutrophils under the influence of lipopolysaccharide. Stimulation of neutrophils with lipopolysaccharide was accompanied with dephosphorylation of GSK-3β, and the exposure to the minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane of 1.5 contributed to its
phosphorylation. It is noted that phosphorylation of GSK-3β in neutrophils reduces the expression of CD11b and CD66b under the influence of sevoflurane.