The aim of the article is to review modern cardiac surgery approaches to treatment of degenerative aortic valve failures. In the past decade there has been a growing interest in the problem of surgical treatment of patients of the senior age group with valvular heart diseases. A wide range of artificial bioprosthetic heart valves allows a surgeon to select properly the method for correction of a heart defect. Therefore the correct selection of the prosthesis model and the method of correction for the heart defect will allow improving the long-term results of surgical techniques for this severe category of patients.

The aim of the study is to evaluate possible morphofunctional connections and assess their effectiveness, in particular the duration and intensity of opisthorchiasis invasion on the pathomorphosis of tissues of the major duodenal papilla with opisthorchiasis papillitis. The morphological examinations of papilla tissues in 98 deceased are performed. Intravital analyses are taken into account. Methods of multifactor correlation-regression analysis are used to assess the influence of the factors. The following data is obtained: the thickness of the epithelial layer of the major duodenal papilla with a probability of 95 % could be an “indicator” of changes in the papilla with opisthorchiasis papillitis; moreover, 87 % (p = 0.000) of possible changes in the thickness of the epithelial layer are due to the influence from duration and intensity of invasion; furthermore, the influence of the time factor is 3.8 times greater than the influence of the invasion intensity factor (p = 0.000).

The purpose of this article is to review the state and prospects of the cervical cancer prevention in the Russian Federation. The provision of wide involvement of the risk population, appropriate screening regularity and high level of the lab-process quality is still cannot be achieved. The development of a brand-new surface plasmon resonance-based test for papillomavirus offers possibility to create an efficient and cost-effective system of the cervical cancer prevention.

The aim of the study is to assess the condition of the vaginal biocoenosis in postmenopausal women, using low and microdoses of systemic menopausal hormone therapy. There were examined 180 patients. Conclusions are drawn: menopausal hormonal therapy effectively optimizes vaginal biotope within 9 months of use. However, the effects occur later in 6 months if microdoses are used. A number of patients (20 %) are in need of an additional local therapy.Keywords: vaginal biocoenosis, menopausal hormone therapy.

The study was designed to develop and justify an X-ray diagnostics algorithm for patients with AIDS and suspected acute surgical pathology of abdominal cavity organs and retroperitoneal space. The data of radiological methods diagnostics of 92 patients with AIDS: men 70 % (n = 64) and women 30 % (n = 28) are studied. These patients were on treatment in the surgical department with acute surgical pathology of abdominal cavity organs and retroperitoneal space. The obtained information reveals that the use of multispiral computed tomography in the diagnosis of acute abdominal pathology in AIDS patients has a high sensitivity of 99.5 % and specificity of 92 %.

The aim of the article is to research epidemiological, metrological and morphological features of colorectal epithelial neoplasms at the stage of low-grade dysplasia. Two groups were formed according to results of 8294 videocolonoscopies: patients without dysplasia and epithelial cancer, and the examined with low-grade dysplasia. Statistically significant gender, topographical anatomical, metrological, morphological differences are revealed among them.

The article is devoted to the analysis of development and organization of the institute of insurance representatives in the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra. The analysis of service of insurance representatives from the first to third level is carried out. The enjoyment of the population of the right to receive qualitative and accessible medical care in the territory of the Ural federal district is estimated. The basic idea of the introduced system consists of the following principles: the introduction of new programs based on the expansion of insurance principles; the development of activities for the quality, safe and timely provision of medical care to citizens; the creation of an effective mechanism to establish the rights of insured citizens upon the compulsory medical insurance program.

The aim of the article is to analyze the occupational burnout syndrome in doctors of budgetary health facilities in the city of Surgut. There were studied 40 questionnaires of Surgut doctors who have the employment period of medical activity from 3 months to 25 years. Depending on the length of service, respondents were divided into 3 groups: with experience up to 5 years, from 6 to 15 years and from 16 years and above. The occupational burnout syndrome is present in 98 % of respondents. A high and extremely high degree of the syndrome is recognized in 70 % of doctors. The high degree of burnout syndrome is more common among doctors with more than 16 years of working experience. Prevention techniques for the occupational burnout syndrome are suggested.

The aim of the article is to establish dependence between the morphometric characteritics of the vascular bed in patients with lower limb fractures and the orthopedic diseases from the genetic determinants of thrombophilia for the purpose of individualizing preventive programs for venous thromboembolic events. The study was carried out on data that represents information on the genotype of 55 patients, as well as the results of a morphometric analysis of the vessels of their microcirculatory bed. The study is based on the methods of fuzzy-multiple analysis.

The aim of the study is to describe the signs of nonverbal behavior characteristic of patients with dementia of cerebrovascular origin. The ethological repertoire of 54 patients with the clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia is studied. A “Checklist of ethological signs of vascular dementia” with 45 behavioral patterns is drawn up. This checklist has shown that its use makes it possible to objectify the definition of vascular dementia at the most and to confirm the clinical diagnosis.

The study is designed to develop a method that replaces the postmortem with a non-invasive method for the examination of cadavers in order to determine the proximate cause of death of a person in a health care institution. A non-invasive method for obtaining information about the state leading to death is proposed. This method involves conducting a complete post-mortal ultrasound investigation, which is formalized by a special protocol in regards to replacing the traditional anatomic pathology report. Twenty features were analyzed during the ultrasound investigation of the cadaver. Eighteen of these features found an accurate morphological verification, representing 90% of the total number. This method can be recommended for use, since the differences between the examinations are not significant (p = 0.166134).

In the prospect to identify the relationship of changes between the intensity of the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and the concentration of ferric-ions in children with medulloblastoma brain tumor, the intensity of free-radical oxidation during chemoradiotherapy was determined. There were examined and treated40 children with a diagnosis of cerebellar medulloblastoma. The control group included 20 healthy children. Activity of free-radical oxidation processes in blood serum and urine in patients with medulloblastoma during standard chemoradiotherapy increased by 20-40 % compared with healthy children. With the increase of the chemoradiotherapy duration, pro-oxidant activity also increased, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in the content of substances involved in transport and neutralization of ferric-ions.

The purpose of the study is to assess the reparative effect from exposure to supernatant of titanium nickelide alloy. Morphological analysis is performed. Experimental treatment for thermal injuries is carried out with Syrian hamsters (n = 81). Material is divided into 3 groups: intact animals without thermal manipulation (n = 21); the control group with a burn wound, without therapeutic intervention (n = 30); the trial group with a wound exposed to the supernatant of titanium nickelide alloy (n = 30). The evident speed-up of reparative processes and statistically significant decrease in inflammatory reactions allow recommending this solution as an effective way of skin structure recovery.

The aim of the article is to search for and synthesize new biologically active compounds on the basis of various acyclic and heterocyclic derivatives of pyridines, possibly psychoactive. The known literature data of comparative indices on the chemical structures and biological activity of numerous pyridines and their derivatives, as well as modified derivatives of the natural cytisine alkaloid are given. Some of the results of our study, obtained and published earlier, also support the essential idea of prospects for further research.