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REGULATORY BRAIN STRUCTURE ACTIVITY IN BATTLE AND PEACETIME TRAUMAS

https://doi.org/10.35266/2949-3447-2024-1-11

Abstract

Activation of the body’s regulatory systems provides adaptation to the impact of pathogenic factors. Prolonged exposure to extreme factors during combat operations can lead to the formation of a focus of pathologically increased exaltation in the central nervous system. The study aims to comparatively assess the tension of central regulatory structures in victims with battle and peacetime traumas in the acute period to develop criteria for indicating the severity of functional disorders of the central nervous system and pathogenetic treatment. Twenty servicemen who received mine-explosive trauma as a result of combat operations, twenty victims of domestic trauma, and twenty healthy males were examined. Neurophysiological and ultrasound methods of research were used to assess the functional state of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems: electroencephalography with quantitative analysis, transcranial Doppler with functional tests, electrocardiography with assessment of heart rate variability: The study assessed the index of spectral power of rhythms in alpha/theta ranges, indices of spectral power of heart rhythm (index of vagosympathetic balance; index of centralization; index of activation of subcortical structures), indices of vasodilatation/vasoconstriction reflecting reactivity of cerebral vessels to tests with hyper/hypocapnia. The following statistically significant differences were revealed between peacetime and wartime traumas: a decrease in vasodilation reserves for hypercapnia, and in some cases, their absence during battle trauma; increasing indices of centralization and activation of subcortical structures during battle trauma; decrease in the index of spectral power of rhythms in the alpha/theta ranges due to an increase in the power of the theta range during battle trauma. Based on this set of indicators, a scale of quantitative assessment of the degree of tension of regulatory subcortical structures in points was developed for early detection of patients with excessive activation of the central regulatory circuit leading to maladjustment and unfavorable course of the post-traumatic period.

About the Authors

Olesya E. Gurskaya
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine)



Evgeniy V. Ivchenko
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Docent



Maksim Yu. Kabanov
Hospital for War Veterans, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor



Vasiliy N. Tsygan
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences



Anna A. Razinova
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Lecturer



Albina G. Dzhioeva
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Postgraduate



Nikita V. Makeev
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Lecturer



Elena V. Popova
Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg
Russian Federation

Lecturer



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Review

For citations:


Gurskaya O.E., Ivchenko E.V., Kabanov M.Yu., Tsygan V.N., Razinova A.A., Dzhioeva A.G., Makeev N.V., Popova E.V. REGULATORY BRAIN STRUCTURE ACTIVITY IN BATTLE AND PEACETIME TRAUMAS. Vestnik SurGU. Meditsina. 2024;17(1):73-81. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35266/2949-3447-2024-1-11

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