COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the clinical, epidemiological, and etiological characteristics of communityacquired pneumonia at inpatient healthcare delivery in persons living on the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra. Material and methods. A prospective analysis of hospital pneumonia morbidity in 2011–2020 by the method of continuous sampling of cases in the Surgut Regional Clinical Hospital is carried out. The data is also compared with the parameters of the official incidence of pneumonia in the country and the region. Evaluation of the etiology and outcomes of pneumonia allows forming risk groups for its development and plan preventive measures, including vaccine prophylaxis. Results. Pneumonia, mainly community-acquired, accounts for 1.3% of cases of all hospital patients and 2.8 % of cases of patients of a therapeutic profile. During the fight against the novel coronavirus infection in this Clinical Hospital, 26.9% of patients with SARS-CoV-2 were treated. The dynamics of the frequency of occurrence of both bacterial pneumonia and pneumonia complicating influenza is characterized by a progressive rate of increase in the frequency of cases requiring inpatient admission. Bacterial, viral, and fungal flora play their role in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia, whereas lung lesions in SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by the complexity and staging of pathogenesis: from a cytokine storm to viral and viral-bacterial lesions of not only the lung parenchyma but also pleura. The fatal outcome of communityacquired pneumonia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 occurs 3.54 times more often than in patients with pneumonia of a different etiology (8.51% versus 2.4% (p = 0.0000)).