surgumedВестник СурГУ. МедицинаVestnik SurGU. Meditsina2949-3447Сургутский государственный университет10.34822/2304-9448-2022-4-46-53surgumed-597Research ArticleМЕДИКО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLIFE SCIENCES. REVIEWSРАДИАЦИОННО-ИНДУЦИРОВАННОЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЕ ЭНДОТЕЛИЯRADIATION-INDUCED ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGEhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-5760ГрековИлья СергеевичGrekovIlya S.

ассистент, врач-патологоанатом

E-mail: ilya.grekov.1998@gmail.com

Assistant Professor, Pathologist

ilya.grekov.1998@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-8843СелезнёвЕвгений АлександровичSeleznеvEvgenii A.

врач-кардиолог, врач-рентгенолог

E-mail: evgen.seleznyov@yandex.ru

Cardiologist, Radiologist

evgen.seleznyov@yandex.ruДонецкий национальный медицинский университет им. М. Горького, ДонецкРоссияM. Gorky Donetsk National Medical University, DonetskRussian FederationАмвросиевская центральная районная больница, АмвросиевкаРоссияState Budgetary Institution Amvrosievsky Central Hospital, AmvrosievkaRussian Federation20222912202204 (54)4653Copyright © Греков И.С., Селезнёв Е.А., 20222022Греков И.С., Селезнёв Е.А.Grekov I.S., Seleznеv E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surgumed.ru/jour/article/view/597

Цель – обзор научной литературы, посвященной патогенетическим механизмам поражения эндотелия ионизирующим излучением при лучевой терапии у пациентов онкологического профиля. Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск научной литературы в базах данных Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed и РИНЦ по ключевым словам: эндотелий, радиация, лучевая терапия. Результаты. Большинство негативных эффектов, вызванных воздействием радиации, связано с развитием эндотелиальной дисфункции. Так, нарушение эндотелиального гомеостаза приводит к развитию провоспалительного фенотипа с последующим включением ряда патогенетических механизмов, которые обуславливают развитие целого комплекса клинических проявлений, прежде всего – кардиоваскулярной патологии. Данная проблема является актуальной в силу прогрессирования сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в популяции таких больных, что ухудшает течение основного заболевания и нередко становится самостоятельной причиной летального исхода. В обзоре рассмотрены и обобщены последние сведения о механизмах патогенеза радиационно-индуцированных повреждений эндотелия, последствий его дисфункции, имеющих большое значение для разработки превентивной стратегии у пациентов, получающих курсы лучевой терапии.

The study aims to review the scientific literature on the pathogenetic mechanisms of ionizing radiation damage to endotheluim during radiation therapy in cancer patients. Materials and methods. The scientific literature was searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed and RSCI databases using such keywords as endothelium, radiation, and radiation therapy. The search depth was 10 years. Results. Most of the negative effects of radiation exposure are associated with the development of endothelial dysfunction. Thus, a disruption in endothelial homeostasis results in the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which is followed by the inclusion of a number of pathogenetic mechanisms that cause the emergence of a variety of clinical conditions, including cardiovascular pathology. This problem occurs due to the progression of cardiovascular diseases in cancer patients, which worsens the course of the underlying disease and often leads to death. This article reviews and summarizes the latest data on the mechanisms and pathogenesis of radiationinduced endothelial damage, as well as the consequences of endothelial dysfunction. The data obtained will help develop a preventive strategy for patients undergoing radiation therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.